TAG Questions

Tag Questions

You speak English, don't you?

<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 2.25pt;" valign="top"> A "tag" is something small that we add to something larger. For example, the little piece of cloth added to a shirt showing size or washing instructions is a tag. </td></tr></table>

A tag question is a
special construction in English. It is a statement followed by a mini-question.
The whole sentence is a "tag question", and the mini-question at the
end is called a "question tag".


We use tag questions at
the end of statements to ask for confirmation. They mean something like:
"Am I right?" or "Do you agree?" They are very common in
English.


The basic structure is:

+ Positive statement,	- negative tag?
Snow is white,	isn't it?
- Negative statement,	+ positive tag?
You don't like me,	do you?

Look at these examples
with positive statements:

positive statement [+]				negative tag [-]			notes:
subject	auxiliary	main verb		auxiliary	not	personal pronoun (same as subject)
You	are	coming,		are	n't	you?
We	have	finished,		have	n't	we?
You	do	like	coffee,	do	n't	you?
You		like	coffee,	do	n't	you?	You (do) like...
They	will	help,		wo	n't	they?	won't = will not
I	can	come,		can	't	I?
We	must	go,		must	n't	we?
He	should	try	harder,	should	n't	he?
You		are	English,	are	n't	you?	no auxiliary for main verb be present & past
John		was	there,	was	n't	he?

Look at these examples
with negative statements:

negative statement [-]						positive tag [+]
subject	auxiliary		main verb			auxiliary	personal pronoun (same as subject)
It	is	n't	raining,			is	it?
We	have	never	seen		that,	have	we?
You	do	n't	like		coffee,	do	you?
They	will	not	help,			will	they?
They	wo	n't	report		us,	will	they?
I	can	never	do		it right,	can	I?
We	must	n't	tell		her,	must	we?
He	should	n't	drive		so fast,	should	he?
You			are	n't	English,	are	you?
John			was	not	there,	was	he?

Some special cases:

I am right, aren't I?	aren't I (not amn't I)
You have to go, don't you?	you (do) have to go...
I have been answering, haven't I?	use first auxiliary
Nothing came in the post, did it?	treat statements with nothing, nobody etc like negative statements
Let's go, shall we?	let's = let us
He'd better do it, hadn't he?	he had better (no auxiliary)

Here are some mixed
examples:

• But
  you don't really love her, do you?
  
• This
  will work, won't it?
  
• Well,
  I couldn't help it, could I?
  
• But
  you'll tell me if she calls, won't you?
  
• We'd
  never have known, would we?
  
• The
  weather's bad, isn't it?
  
• You
  won't be late, will you?
  
• Nobody
  knows, do they?
  

Notice that we often use
tag questions to ask for information or help, starting with a negative
statement. This is quite a friendly/polite way of making a request. For
example, instead of saying "Where is the police station?" (not very
polite), or "Do you know where the police station is?" (slightly more
polite), we could say: "You wouldn't know where the police station is,
would you?" Here are some more examples:

• You
  don't know of any good jobs, do you?
  
• You
  couldn't help me with my homework, could you?
  
• You
  haven't got $10 to lend me, have you?
  

Intonation


We can change the
meaning of a tag question with the musical pitch of our voice. With rising
intonation, it sounds like a real question. But if our intonation falls, it
sounds more like a statement that doesn't require a real answer:

	intonation
You don't know where my wallet is,	do you?	/ rising	real question
It's a beatiful view,	isn't it?	\\\\ falling	not a real question

Answers to tag questions

<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 2.25pt;" valign="top"> A question tag is the "mini-question" at the end. A tag question is the whole sentence. </td></tr></table>

How do we answer a tag
question? Often, we just say Yes or No. Sometimes we may repeat the tag and
reverse it (..., do they? Yes, they do). Be very careful about answering tag
questions. In some languages, an oposite system of answering is used, and
non-native English speakers sometimes answer in the wrong way. This can lead to
a lot of confusion!

<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 2.25pt;" valign="top"> Answer a tag question according to the truth of the situation. Your answer reflects the real facts, not (necessarily) the question. </td></tr></table>

For example, everyone
knows that snow is white. Look at these questions, and the correct answers:

tag question	correct answer
Snow is white, isn't it?	Yes (it is).	the answer is the same in both cases - because snow IS WHITE!	but notice the change of stress when the answerer does not agree with the questioner
Snow isn't white, is it?	Yes it is!
Snow is black, isn't it?	No it isn't!	the answer is the same in both cases - because snow IS NOT BLACK!
Snow isn't black, is it?	No (it isn't).

In some languages,
people answer a question like "Snow isn't
black, is it?" with "Yes" (meaning "Yes, I agree with
you"). This is the wrong answer in English!


Here are some more
examples, with correct answers:

• The
  moon goes round the earth, doesn't it? Yes, it does.
  
• The
  earth is bigger than the moon, isn't it? Yes.
  
• The
  earth is bigger than the sun, isn't it? No, it isn't!
  
• Asian
  people don't like rice, do they? Yes, they do!
  
• Elephants
  live in Europe, don't they? No,
  they don't!
  
• Men
  don't have babies, do they? No.
  
• The
  English alphabet doesn't have 40 letters, does it? No, it doesn't.
  

Question tags with imperatives


Sometimes we use
question tags with imperatives (invitations, orders), but the sentence remains
an imperative and does not require a direct answer. We use won't for
invitations. We use can, can't, will, would for orders.

	imperative + question tag	notes:
invitation	Take a seat, won't you?	polite
order	Help me, can you?	quite friendly
	Help me, can't you?	quite friendly (some irritation?)
	Close the door, would you?	quite polite
	Do it now, will you?	less polite
	Don't forget, will you?	with negative imperatives only will is possible

Same-way question tags


Although the basic
structure of tag questions is positive-negative or negative-positive, it is
sometime possible to use a positive-positive or negative-negative structure. We
use same-way question tags to express interest, surprise, anger etc, and not to
make real questions.

• So
  you're having a baby, are you? That's wonderful!
  
• She
  wants to marry him, does she? Some chance!
  
• So
  you think that's amusing, do you? Think again.
  

Negative-negative tag
questions usually sound rather hostile:

• So
  you don't like my looks, don't you?
  

thanks for our effort colleague

thank you